The main of infrastructure that have to establish people lives is water infrastructure. Water infrastructure can implement by irrigation, water for drinking, management of disposal water, water for sanitation, etc. Water management is needed to make sure that water as hardware infrastructure can development with equity, affordability, appropriate technology and has high quality level of service. Water management related to sustainable criteria of infrastructure.
Sustainability criteria of infrastructure can be defined and follow naturally from the framework. The proposed set of criteria and generic sub criteria are categorized as follows:(i) environmental, including resource use and residuals production;(ii) economic, including expenditures (capital, operation and maintenance) and investment in innovation;(iii) engineering, including performance; and (iv) social, include accessibility ,acceptability, and health and safety (Sahely, 2005, developing sustainable criteria of urban infrastructure).
Water infrastructure have to run with sustainable criteria such as environment, economic, engineering and social. But focusing from this case is about economic criteria. Water as public good have to manage with carefully and need high quality of decision maker to sure that this item can establish as good infrastructure. Besides pay attention in environment dealing with management of disposal water, in social sides about accessibility to people, and in engineering related to appropriate technology, water infrastructure need pay attention with economic aspect too. Economic aspect is important needed to account how and why this infrastructure can operating well with capital analysis. Especially to make decision maker in operating and maintenance of water infrastructure need to economic analysis. For example for water sanitation in rural area with PVC is needed analyzed by economic aspect to account how much expenditure that needed to operating and maintenance. Beside that the infrastructure has life cycle. And it can account when the PVC have to change and how much cost needed to recovery.
Economic indicators such as capital costs and operation and maintenance costs play an important Role in decision making as part of a larger set of economic indicators. Economic indicators need to be expanded however to include a measure of investment in research and development. Unlike technical indicators that define the minimal technical requirements of a system, there is a need for a set of indicators to define and assess the minimal level of reserve funds required for effective asset management and timely infrastructure renewal. (Sahely, 2005, developing sustainable criteria of urban infrastructure).
In water sanitation for the example is needed to define and asses the minimal level of reserve fund. The infrastructure can operating and result some economic advantages or profit. The profit can use for investment in research and development. From research and development in can improve the quality of water sanitation from the technology or from the service. Water sanitation can establish as good infrastructure and has long term capacity lives.
Water sanitation plan can implement with focusing in economic aspect by look at expenditure include capital, operation and maintenance and investment including research and innovation. The step of manage infrastructure in economic aspect have to think with effective and efficient. The infrastructure have to develop and making innovation to exist in society. To make some innovation needed to do some research. Research needs cost. The cost can take from profit that earn from the operating of infrastructure. The cost that earn in research has follow effective and efficient principles.
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